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Alexander Dugin argues that Russia is moving beyond liberalism and embracing a new sovereign ideology rooted in traditional values and imperial futurism.

In essence, we are changing our ideology for the third time in 35 years. Until the early 1990s, society was under the dictatorship of Marxism-Leninism. This was obligatory, and (even if formally) everything was built upon it — politics, economics, science, education, and law. Everything, really.

In the early 1990s, an ideological coup took place. Liberals and Westernizers (reformers) seized power. A liberal ideological dictatorship was established. Everything — politics, economics, science, education, and law — was now being reshaped according to Western liberal standards. Liberalism was henceforth considered the only true doctrine.

When Putin came to power, he did not immediately abolish the ideological dictatorship of the liberals. Instead, he demanded that the sovereignty of the (liberal, Western) state be respected. We remained within the liberal paradigm, but with an emphasis on sovereignty. Surkov called this “sovereign democracy.” The ideological dictate of liberalism persisted.

Pure liberals reacted to Putin’s course towards sovereignty in two ways: some, directly funded by the liberal West and instigated by Western intelligence agencies, began to protest (the fifth column), while others did not dare openly challenge Putin. They camouflaged themselves, bided their time, and quietly but persistently sabotaged the course towards sovereignty (the sixth column, the systemic liberals).

With the onset of the Special Military Operation (SMO), the fifth column was finally dispersed, and the purging of the sixth began. Some systemic liberals (like Chubais, etc.) panicked and fled to Israel and London. The more cunning ones burrowed deeper.

However, the real ideological shift is only happening now. It became clear that Crimea is ours forever, just like the reclaimed Old Lands, and that the war will continue until victory. The SMO is not a technical glitch in relations with the liberal West, as one might have thought earlier, but an irreversible rupture. The dictatorship of the liberal ideology has ended.

It was easy to transition from communism to liberalism since manuals, instructions, and textbooks could be sourced from the West. Not only for free, but with extra funding — thanks to the CIA, the State Department, and Soros.

Transitioning from liberalism to a Russian ideology is difficult. There can be no return to communism (which, by the way, no one is advocating), nor to Orthodox monarchy (which, while subtly promoted, everyone has forgotten what it even means). Volunteers are great, but they are not an ideology.

There are no manuals, instructions, or textbooks for this third Russian ideology. One thing is clear — it is neither communism nor liberalism. But it is not fascism either — after all, we are fighting fascism in Ukraine.

Thus, we must revive something pre-Western, something rooted in the core of Russian identity, while projecting it creatively and innovatively into the future. A kind of Russian patriotic imperial futurism.

The most crucial support here are traditional values, historical education, the course towards a multipolar world, and the thesis of Russia as a state-civilization. This is definitely not communism, liberalism, or fascism. It is the Fourth Political Theory. This is the ideological transformation that is unfolding now: radical de-liberalization, the dismantling of the liberal dictatorship. But without falling into the traps of communism or nationalism (fascism). After all, those are also Western political doctrines from the era of European modernity. They are neither Russian in form nor meaning. What we need is something Russian. Now, we only need something Russian.

This turn is inevitable and does not depend on the whims of the authorities or any ideological groups. Sovereign Russia must have a sovereign ideology. This is not up for debate; it is asserted as firmly as the Bolsheviks’ first decrees or the privatizations of the 1990s.

(Translated from the Russian)

Buy Alexander Dugin’s The Fourth Political Theory here.

Alternatively, secure your copy of the limited leather-bound edition before it’s too late here.

Dr. Alexander Dugin

Alexander Dugin (b. 1962) is one of the best-known writers and political commentators in post-Soviet Russia, having been active in politics there since the 1980s. He is the leader of the International Eurasia Movement, which he founded. He was also an advisor to the Kremlin on geopolitical matters and head of the Department of Sociology at Moscow State University. Arktos has published his books The Fourth Political Theory (2012), Putin vs Putin (2014), Eurasian Mission (2014), Last War of the World-Island (2015), The Rise of the Fourth Political Theory (2017), Ethnosociology (vol. 1–2) (2018, 2019), Political Platonism (2019), The Theory of a Multipolar World (2021), and The Great Awakening vs the Great Reset (2021).

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Kathryn Scharplaz
Kathryn Scharplaz
1 month ago

Dr. Dugin,

I think you might appreciate this poem I wrote. I am an American who, like Catholic Archbishop Carlo Vigano, believes that “Russia is the last bastion of civilization.” My poem expresses why. I offer it as my gift to you and the people of Russia!

Why They Hate Russia

by Kathryn Scharplaz

They tried to raze and steal and kill
Everything that before them lay,
But Russia, mighty Russia, stood in their way.

They thought they would conquer the world
With mere ideas that could move and sway,
But Russia, hard-steel Russia, stood in their way.

They tried to make us bow
To the “trans,” the pedo, the “gay,”
But Russia, godly Russia, stood in their way.

They thought they could stamp out God,
And Satan would carry the day,
But Russia, faithful Russia, stood in their way.

They devise humanoid machines
To keep human beings at bay,
But Russia, warm-blooded Russia, stands in their way.

They try to abolish borders,
So nations will pass away,
But Russia, ancient Russia, stands in their way.

They think it’s “the end of history,”
That all will welcome the night they call day,
But Russia, mighty Russia, will forever stand in their way!

JBP
JBP
1 month ago

Thanks for those thoughts. Thr tone of your article has a lot of wistfulness to it, a longing for that something ‘Russian’. Don’t give it a name yet. Maybe take a page out of Spengler (or 2) and look at your culture for clues to it’s prime symbol.

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